Somalia
Following more than two decades of civil war, Somalia has made important progress in recent years with the establishment of permanent political, economic and security institutions. This points towards a future with stronger prospects for peace and for economic and social development. Agriculture remains key to the livelihood of half of Somalia’s population that still lives in rural areas. It is also key to the country’s food security and economic growth prospects.
UNEP undertook a preliminary assessment of the resource-demand and operating practices of two proposed African Union Mission to Somalia (AMISOM) camps, in Mogadishu (HQ Camp), Somalia and Mombasa, Kenya (Support Base) in June 2009.The assessment compared the existing design parameters and operational specifications for each site and screened 132 potential resource efficiency measures that could be applied to achieve a reduction in energy and water consumption as well as was
Monitoring is the repeated observation of a system in order to detect signs of change. Monitoring can be used to quantify change, identify the causes of change and determine acceptable levels of change. Socioeconomic monitoring allows us to understand what kind of human induced factors affect the mangrove, whether people are benefiting from the current levels of management and how they perceive the ecosystem in question. Ecological monitoring allows us to form a picture of how the ecosystem is doing.
The following country report begins with an overview of coastal livelihoods in Comoros, which provides a concise overview of the seven sector reports and the findings of the in-country and regional consultants. This overview ends with a conclusion which summarizes the collected information as it relates to the coastal zone in Comoros in general.
The Republic of Somalia, located in the Horn of Africa, covers a total surface area of 637,657 km2 with an estimated population of 10 million people from six (6) major clans and various minor clans. The country has been without a central Government since 1991. Years of political instability and war have resulted in over 1 million deaths, both as a direct result of the fighting and due to the country’s inability to cope with recurrent droughts, devastating floods and diseases.
Somalia has the longest coastline in Africa, measuring 3,330 km and claims an EEZ of some 830,389 km² (Per Erik Bergh. 2011). Its fishery resources are significant, with an estimated sustainable potential in the order of 200,000 MT per year for pelagic fish stocks, based on several fish surveys conducted in the 1970s and 1980s (FAO Fishery Country Profile. 2005).
The following study was undertaken with the objective of assessing the development potential of the fisheries sector in Puntland, in terms of growth potential and actions/interventions required for further development. The assessment is part of UNDP’s efforts to improve livelihoods and promote economic diversification that form part of the UNDP Strategy for Poverty Reduction and Economic Recovery (PRER).
The Indian Ocean Tsunami of 26 December 2004 affected part of Somalia, with most of the damage experienced in the north-east along a 650 km coastline stretching from Xafuun in the Bari region, to Garacad in the Mudug region. About 44,000 people are believed to have been affected by the tsunami.
In 1984, the Government of the Democratic Republic of Somalia approached the Executive Director of UNEP with a request for assistance in assessing the coastal and marine environmental problems of the country in drawing up a national action plan for the protection, management and development of its marine and coastal environment.
